'Content analysis of Sionil Jose Essay\r'

'Chapter I\r\nThe Problem and Its Setting\r\nA.Introduction\r\nâ€Å"Open a diarist’s desk drawer and inside you’ll find an unhewn novel.” This was what Scanlan (2004) wrote in his demonstrate From Fact to metaphor: do the Leap. He added that magical spell on that point be spate in the news media industry who practice their expertise on refreshings reportage, there are excessively those who are inclined to radical(prenominal) puddles of theme to wit plays, poetry, and legend. Based on Scanlan’s definition, news media is a profession inclined to musical composition circumstances. Brainworld Publishing (2011) supplements this rendering as â€Å"the earn of gathering, authorship, editing, and publishing or disseminating news, as through papers and magazines or by television and radio.” On the contrary, Brainworld Publishing describes metaphor as the act of make-believe or imagining an event, situation, and the like non existi ng in positive life. This includes allegory, fables, novel, romance, story, and tale describes. In relation, a manufactureist is psyche who economises parable, mainly novels (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011). In the United States alvirtuoso, salutary- cognise novelists or manufacturing writers began their career as journalists.\r\nThese great writers started out(a)(a) as â€Å"reporters of facts” (Fishkin, 1985). In 1835, famous nineteenth snow American author, poet, and literary critic Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849), better known for his mystery and horror-filled detective stories, had priorly been an assistant editor program in the magazine Southern Literary Messenger. He excessively acquired the same post in Burton’s Gentleman Magazine in 1839, but left-hand(a) for Graham’s Magazine. Poe also wrote for the Evening Mirror. He then became an editor and eventually the sole possessor of The Broadway Journal, according to Bio. A&E picture Ne dicke nsrks, (2014). A nonher prominent figure in literary productions from the late 1800s, U.S. writer Walt Whitman (1819-1892), was an essayist, a poet, as vigorous as a journalist. He initially represent a job as a newspaper apprentice at the age of 11.\r\nIn 1841, Whitman founded the periodical Long-Islander. He had been an editor of Brooklyn Daily Eagle in 1846. He also took charge of the editorial employment in Crescent then subsequently pioneered the Brooklyn Freeman, both(prenominal) in 1848. His practice in stain go on for the sideline old age until he resorted to and devoted the pillow of his lifetime to realist poetry and mainly politically-influenced working (Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2014). In the Philippines, award-winning script writer Ricardo â€Å"Ricky” Lee, who is known for his fiction, worked as a journalist for the Philippine Press Freedom in 1970’s. Lee was also a fate of Panunulat check bit sa Kaunlaran ng Sambayanan (PAKSA or Pe n for the People’s Progress).\r\nHis experiences as a fugitive during the Martial honor marchd as an inspiration for some of his works (Lumbera, 2011). Yabes (2014) says that 2001 case Artist for literary productions, Ramon Magsaysay Awardee, and three-time first-prize Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards recipient F. Sionil Jose, employ to be a campus journalist patch written report Liberal Arts in the University of Santo gobbleras. He had been the editor-in-chief of UST’s official publication, The Varsitarian. Jose, whose novels are widely known for their large depiction of the Philippine life throughout annals, is a publisher as well, and holds editorial positions for several(prenominal) stemal anaesthetic and international magazines. The researchers wonder closely how the stress in journalism of selected Philippine fictionists avail them transit from make-up facts to create verbally fiction.\r\nB.Statement of the Problem\r\nThis take up volition generally aim to analyze the journalistic experiences of selected fictionists and its consanguinity to their theme styles. Specifically, it get out target to answer the following questions:\r\n1.How is the demographic profile of respondents be divided in foothold of:\r\n1.1. age;\r\n1.2. media affiliation or publishing smart set and\r\n1.3. years in the book industry?\r\n2.How do journalistic experiences help the selected local fictionists in their cogitation of work?\r\n2.1. What are the factors that influence journalists to also embark on fiction writing?\r\n3.How does these journalists’ sense of law ( knuckle undern that they report facts) affect the contents of their fiction?\r\nC.Significance of the didactics\r\nThe main purpose of this occupy is to change the cognition of people, especially those venturing on journalism as just reportage of facts. The researchers believe that this go away exsert the emplacement of people in journalism as well as the opp ortunities the said field can offer. Upon completion, the deliberate entrust be of importance to the following: Media practitioners. The athletic field depart give an option for practicing journalists to also run a risk on fiction writing since they already had a background on writing. Publishers. It will provide them new opportunities to invest on and hire journalists who can write fiction and the chance to introduce fresh writing styles to the market. In return, the publication will have more than than writers and eventually produce more stories. Aspiring fiction writers.\r\nConsidering that taking journalism flow will correct their writing style as future fiction writers, hence, they will be able to enrich their writing capacity. Readers. It will help them understand that journalism course does not solely focus on reporting news. It will also change their common misconception on journalists that the last mentioned are just boxed in writing fact-based stories. Journalis m students. It will open other avenues in writing aside from settling on the conventional technical writing. In addition, it will give them the idea to venture on other writing jobs and to maximize their writing abilities.\r\nCollege of Arts and Letters Faculty. It will give an idea to the faculty that apart from teaching technical writing to journalism students, they can also advice them to nurture their writing skills in other ways such as fiction writing. In addition, the professors and instructors will have an idea on how to further broaden their students’ writing capabilities. Future researchers. This battleground will serve as a reference material and a guide as well to those who will take a sphere tie in to this topic.\r\nD.Scope and Delimitation\r\nThis get will cover five or more fictionists. The researchers will discourse subjects who had previous background in journalism (i.e., campus journalist, columnist, newspaper researcher, etc.) but not call for grad uates of the said course about the latter’s journalistic experiences and its probable influence to their fiction. The selection of the fictionists to be interviewed will be based on the following criteria:\r\n•Has been in the writing industry, especially fiction, for 10 years or more; and\r\n•Is recognized in his/her chosen field.\r\nIt will be limited to Philippine writers who had undecomposed journalism then saturnine into fictionists, excluding international fiction authors who have also worked in the field of journalism. The methodology of the pack will only last from October 2014 to butt on 2015.\r\nE.Definition of Terms\r\nThe following words will be defined either conceptually or operationally: Book industry †the enterprise of producing and manufacturing books, particularly fiction Books †any printed fiction material on paperback, excluding e-books offence fictionalisation †also known as detective stories. A work of fiction wherein u nraveling and detection of the truth about a law-breaking, usually but not exclusively get through, plays the central role in the plot. (Shephard and Rennison, 2006). cheer History †or pas seul fiction. A work of fiction that features the main characters’ struggle with issues related to sports. (Routman, 2005)\r\nChapter II\r\nReview of Related Studies and Literature\r\nThis chapter contains the researchers’ readings on the topic under study.\r\nA.Related Theories\r\nNew Historicism\r\nNew Historicism Theory proposes â€Å"several major ‘historicists’” to study a literature in social, political, and pagan invoice context. A nation’s literary history is an expression of â€Å"its evolving spirit” and consists of two improvementes: one in the form of collection of collect and monuments of great people, and ‘historicist’ on the other, which â€Å"saw literary history as part of a larger cultural history” ( Selden, 2005). The New Historicists, as Tillyard describes (1943), thus â€Å" set in motion the interconnections betwixt the literature and the general culture of a period.” (Selden, 2005). The researchers will use the theory to analyze how historical events that the respondents witnessed during their journalism practice influence if their works. The theory will also serve as a tush on how the respondents perceive reality through their works.\r\nPostcolonial critical review\r\nPostcolonial criticism delves into the existing kin betwixt the western sandwich and Third World culture, with the former repressing the latter with its ethnocentrism. The primary goal of this theory is to trace the supremacy of Western culture, thought, and values over the marginalized as evince through literature (Seldan, 1985). Said (1978, as cited in Selden, 1985) substantiates the distinction made between the Occident and the designate through oriental personism which has three overlapp ing areas: the 4000-year Europe-Asia relations, production of Oriental language specialists, and stereotyping the Orient as â€Å"the other.” Spivak (1976, as cited in Selden, 1985) spots with deconstructive method in criticizing and revealing â€Å"how truth is constructed or else than exposing the error” (Selden, 1985, p. 223). She further proposes how the Western tradition needs â€Å"the other” but does not readily approve it. The researchers will use the theory to interpret how the selected Filipino fictionists with journalism background express such repression and incur reality through their literary works.\r\nHow the Humanities and Journalism Can Save Each Other\r\nPerlmutter and Dowling (2012) pardon that journalism is vital in serializing fiction. They mention the nineteenth century best-selling novel Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin world first produce in a periodical as an example. They assert that â€Å"Walt Whitman and Margaret Fuller nurtured their careers as fictionists through journalism.” They even suggested to reporters serializing â€Å"novels they always wanted to write about.” The same with the previous study, this study will focus on fictional works in print, but with antithetic medium. Perlmutter and Dowling concentrate on American best-sellers published in newspapers, whereas the study will deal with selected Filipino fiction in a book publication. They analyze through observation and examples how journalism helps some notable American writers in producing their fiction, spell the researchers of this study will conduct an interview to selected Filipino fiction writers with a journalism background, citing how their journalistic experiences help them write and publish their works.\r\nAn Intersection of Fact and Fiction: A Study of Naipaul’s ‘The Middle\r\n qualifying’ Pradhan (2014) explains the existence of a reciprocal relationship between fictional and factual writing. The researcher mentions the experiences of writer Naipaul being similar to that of Ernest Hemingway, who were both journalists turned fictionists before they ventured on nonfiction. Pradhan uses John Hellmann’s Fables of Facts in naming new journalism and nonfiction novel as modern genres in which journalistic materials are presented in the form of fiction. The previous study concentrates on how former journalists turned nonfiction writers benefit from their experiences in writing fiction, while the study to be conducted will deal with how the journalistic experiences of selected Filipino fictionists help them in their career. The two studies are similar in discussing the relationship of writing fact and fiction, but differ in focus.\r\nReflecting the Detectives: Crime Fiction and the New Journalism in Late Nineteen-Century Australia In this study, Rachael Weaver (1892) explains the correlation of crime fiction to crime reportage in Australia in the late 19th century using the detective novels The Mystery of a Hansom Cab by Fergume Hume and Murder of Madeline brown by Francis Adams and Australia’s most famous absent case, the Windsor tragedy in 1892, as examples. Weaver states that umpteen of the newspapers had their own interpretation on the story, making it sensationalized during that time. Those newspapers released different speculations about the murder.\r\nFor that instance, the speculated angles of every publication served an inspiration for writing investigative stories. â€Å"The intense, international media sensation that surrounded the Windsor murder provides an ideal opportunity for investigating popular print culture in late-nineteenth-century Australia… At least hexad book-length studies of the case were published in the weeks before and by and by Deeming’s execution in May, some rivulet to several editions, each embellished more extravagantly than the last. Their anon. authors practiced a for m of sub-literary bricolage that engaged several(a) generic themes, mirroring a travel adventure one moment, a penny dreadful the next. However, the most oft deployed motifs throughout the everyday reportage and the book-length ‘histories’ were drawn †a great deal with great clumsiness †from detective fiction.”\r\nWeaver describes the relationship between crime journalism and detective fiction as â€Å"historical and enduring.” She mentions that reported crimes provided materials for writers of sensation fiction. She adds that Edgar Allan Poe’s The Mystery of Marie Roget was based on the reports of the real-life murder of bloody shame Rogers in New York. The analysis is similar to the study to be conducted because they both cite the experiences of writers to their outputs, but varies from the experiences. The essay discusses the connection of reading crime articles in newspapers of the Australian writers to their detective stories, while the study will deal with the link between the journalistic backgrounds of selected Filipino fictionists to their literary works.\r\nB.Related Studies\r\nFrom Fact to Fiction: Journalism & visionary Writing in America Fishkin (1985) found out how fact turned into art, as well as how journalism paved the way to American literature. She assessed the lives and careers of Walt Whitman, dirt Twain, Theodore Dreiser, Ernest Hemingway, and John Dos Passos, including their corresponding works in journalism and fiction. She related the journalistic experiences of these writers and their fiction, and the factors for their gradual rupture in genre. Fishkin’s study foc employ on the American literature, whereas this study will deal with the Philippine literature, concerning the journalistic experiences of selected Filipino fictionists in relation to their fiction. She reviewed only the biographical accounts of well-known American journalists turned fictionists, while the researche rs of this study will also conduct an interview to Filipino fiction writers with a journalism background, besides concentrating on their lives and careers before shifting to writing fiction.\r\nGómez Alfaro: Pioneer of Interdisciplinary Studies on the Relationships between Journalism and Literature in Spain Rodríguez (2010) evaluated that journalism and literature had been dogged linked with each other, which was later on incorporate together and coined as literary journalism. He used Antonio Gómez Alfaro’s work in 1980’s and 1990’s, as an example. Rodriguez emphasized that Alfaro pioneered the concept of literary journalism by conducting a study regarding the connection between journalism and literature which Alfaro finished in 1960.\r\nâ€Å"This multi-focal approach is extraordinary considering at the time Journalism was not part of the Spanish university system; therefore, there was not a scientific platform nor were there academic precedents th at supported in-depth, exhaustive research about journalism and literature, a reality that appeared forty years later on the publication of the aforementioned precursor.”\r\nRodriguez added that journalism was considered a part of literary genre in 1845. â€Å"The work conducts a historical synthesis of the nuclear and most considered speculations about the journalistic literary union, from 1845 until 1999, and describes the progression of such contributions, to subsidisation an adequate context to the precursory contributions made by Antonio Gómez Alfaro to interdisciplinary studies about Journalism and Literature in Spain.”\r\nThe study already performed is theoretically related to the future study, both of them focusing on the relationship between journalism and fiction. The two studies both round the differences and similarities of literary and journalism, but differ in scope. The previous study concentrated on Spanish literature, particularly Alfaro’s studies, while the current study will deal with Philippine Literature, specifically the works of selected Filipino fictionists with journalistic background.\r\nText, Audiences, and Postmodernism: The Novel as Source in Sport History Johnes (2007) observed the recent make to use fiction as reference for sport history. He delved into how postmodernism influenced and was received by historians in proposing fiction as a â€Å"social force” in shaping how people understands the world around them. He explored deeper into these postmodern ideas by analyzing Vernon Scannell’s 1953 novel The Fight. This study concentrated on putting such ideas into actual practice, and used fiction as sources for sport history while the study to be conducted will hand journalistic experiences in writing fiction. The previous study focused on how fiction was used as source materials for sports history while the current study will concentrate on how the journalistic experiences of selected Fili pino fictionists is used in their career.\r\nTheoretical Framework\r\nThis study is theoretically anchored in New Historicism theory which states that there is a connection between the historical background of the place where the author originated or resided from and his literary works, the former being useful to understanding the latter. In this study, the researchers will investigate on the relationship between the journalistic experiences of selected Filipino fictionists and their literary works.\r\nFigure 1.0. Historical critical review Diagram\r\n abstract Framework\r\nFigure 2.0. Conceptual Framework of the Study\r\n'