Public Health System of America

These are the ladders of assessment, policy development, and assurance. The authors upgrade defer that these functions are fulfilled, at the federal level, through mandated render services. These services are then filtered down by the state to their local wellness departments.

In an effort to determine how soundly these local health departments are meeting these basic functions--an mogul of the extent to which the PHS is meeting its responsibilities and duties--Turnock, Handler, Potsic, Nalluri and Vaughn (1994) examined a random national ideal (stratified by jurisdiction and population base) of local health departments. The single-valued function of the study was to survey these departments in order to determine self-reported complaisance with 10 overt health practice achievement measures that were utter to operationalize the three core PHS functions.

Overall compliance with the 10 performance measures was observed to be around 50 pct, based on weighted responses of 208 responding health departments. Compliance was highest for the practices related to the assurance function and least for practices related to the policy development function.

Compliance was similarly high for departments serving a population of 50,000 or to a greater extent and those smaller departments organized at the city and city-county levels. Using dickens different definitions developed by the investigators, 19 and 31 pct of the health departments were

Mosher and Yanagisako (1991) state that human race health policy for the 1990s needs to focus on the negative aspects of the " contend on do drugss.

" The authors maintain the current "war on drugs" in the United States undercuts public health value and premises, resulting in a war on the poor, disenfranchised, people of color, the homeless, and the unemployed. It is suggested that drug problems be addressed primarily within the realm of public health rather than criminal justice policy. It is further declared that to achieve a viable policy, the public health club needs to build grassroots support and become in force(p) activists.

Raffell and Raffell (1994) have noted that the NIH funds over 57 percent of all medical research conducted in the United States as part of its effort to meet its primary mission. This mission is that of change magnitude scientific understanding of human health and acquiring noesis related to detecting, diagnosing, treating and preventing disease. Some of the agency's monies are also allocated to training young researchers, building research facilities and sponsoring university, hospital and medical school research.

Raffel, M.W. & Raffel, N.K. (1994). The U.S. health system: Origins and functions. (4th ed.) Albany, New York: Delmar Publishing.

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