The Government of the Shah Declared Martial Law

This study examines American overseas policy toward the core eastern during the 1 April 19792 imposing 1990 breaker point. Through the conduct of this examination, the answers to two questions are sought. These questions are as follows:

1. Was the joined States motivated by three often unconnected imperatives (the desire to use Israel as a strategic asset in the global American effort to counter a perceived Soviet threat, following the loss of Iran as such an American asset on 1 April 1979; a lease to preserve American access to Middle East fossil oil petroleum supplies, on which the American economy and military competency were sorely dependent; and a determination to combat external terrorism) in the conduct of contrasted policy in the Middle East from 1 April 1979 to 2 August 1990?

2. Was American overseas policy in the Middle East during the relevant period often inconsistent in application because actions taken in pursuit of the goals think to one of the three imperatives conflicted with the attainment of the goals related to one or both of the other imperatives?

Major Issues and Assumptions modify American Foreign Policy Toward the Middle East

The combined effect of three issues caused the Middle East to be of crucial immensity to the United States during the 19791990 period. These issues were (1) energy supplies, (2) support for the acres of Israel, and (3) terrorism.

Murray, G. (1974). Lebanon: The new future. New York: Associated Business Consultants.

For the better offend of two years, the peace negotiations between Iran and Iraq remained a stalemate, in more than the same fashion that characterized the shooting war. Iran demanded concessions from Iraq, and Iraq refused to yield. In effect, it began to look as is Iraq would have its waya status quo ante chuck up the spongefire. The Iraqui invasion and absorption of Kuwait in the summer of 1990, however, dramatically altered the bit. Fear of Iraqui control of the majority of the Middle East energy resources promoted worldwide, but specifically American, action against Iraq. One matter was an offer by Iraq to Iran to settle the IranIraq War essentially on Iran's terms.

Iraq's twin motivations for this offer appear to be to (1) minimize each potential for attack by Iran, and (2) to seek to circumvent the arrest by routing shipments through Iran.

Metz, H. C. (1989). Iran: A country study. Washington: United States Department of the Army.

Kahane, M. (1988a, 2 February). Gd gave it to us. The New York Times, B21.

By the mid1980s, Lebanon was effectively a noncountry, where the political system had collapsed. by and by the arrival of the PLO leadership in Lebanon, the Palestinians were, in effect, a state within a state. The presence of the PLO in Lebanon also order even more international attention toward the country.

American foreign policy toward the Middle East during the 19791990 period is examined through the thoughtfulness of three specific, longrunning disputes and confrontations. The first of these disputes and confrontations involved the situation in Lebanon. The second of the disputes and confrontations involved the IranIraq War. The third of the disputes and confrontations involved the broader ArabIsraeli conflict.

Benevisti, E. (1990). Legal dualism: The adsorption of occupied territories into Israel. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

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